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Description
The European Spallation Source (ESS) is a multi-disciplinary neutron research facility currently under construction in Lund, Sweden. Its driver is a multi-megawatt proton linear accelerator that pushes the boundaries of technology and physics for high-power, high-intensity, low-loss operation. Once completed, the linac will accelerate a 62.5 mA, 2.86 ms, 14 Hz proton beam up to 2 GeV through a combination of normal-conducting and superconducting cavities. With installation and testing advancing rapidly, the machine is now undergoing an intense, multi-stage commissioning campaign, progressing as more hardware becomes available. This paper summarises recent progress across the accelerator, target, and instruments, with particular emphasis on the latest developments. It also outlines the accelerator roadmap to first beam on target, highlighting key challenges and lessons learned so far.
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