Speaker
Description
Online monitoring of beam phase and energy gain within accelerating cavities is crucial for the stable operation of accelerators, especially in high-power scenarios. As cavities are typically calibrated with a low-current, short-pulse beam for safety purposes, the beam behavior may deviate from the calibrated case when running high-current beams, due to strong space charge effects and other possible factors. Motivated by the high-power tendency of accelerator development, methods for online measurement of beam phase and energy gain have been developed, based on the beam–cavity interaction. The methods were validated in both single-cell and multicell cavities, using data acquired during the last beam commissioning at ESS. The consistency among the results obtained from different methods affirmed their reliability. Furthermore, the online testing demonstrated their practical feasibility for real-time application.
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