Speaker
Description
Supersonic gas jets are useful tools in particle accelerators used in both scientific and medical applications. They can provide real-time, longitudinal and transverse beam profile measurements for charged particle beams in accelerators and are also being used as a plasma source in wakefield accelerators. For gas jets to be used effectively as beam profile monitors, the density profile of the jet must also be well-known. This can be calculated by measuring the phase shift produced by the gas jet inside a laser beam due to the difference in density between the gas and the surrounding vacuum environment from the Lorentz-Lorenz relation.
In this contribution, multiple techniques for measuring gas jet profile and density will be compared and analysed; Mach-Zehnder and Nomarski interferometry. A 532 nm laser will be used for both of these methods, with a gas jet backing pressure of 7 bar. Multi-pass interferometry will also be used to increase the phase shifts by a factor of 4, and therefore sensitivity to lower density gas jets. This method involves retro-reflecting the interferometry beams, passing them through the gas jet multiple times. These techniques will be compared and their suitability for gas jet density characterisation will be assessed.
Funding Agency
This work is supported by the HL-LHC-UK II project funded by STFC and CERN and the STFC Cockcroft core grant No. ST/V001612/1.
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