Speaker
Description
The Alvarez-type drift tube linac (DTL) is critical for high-intensity proton accelerators. Higher RF duty factors impose severe cooling demands on drift tubes (DTs). However, DTs embedded with electromagnetic quadrupoles (EMQs) have extremely limited space for water channels due to complex fabrication. This problem is more critical in higher-energy DTL sections, where the heat flux density at the DT nose cone is substantially higher and harder to dissipate. To address this, a multi-physics approach is established. Heat source distribution from electromagnetic simulations is transferred to CFD for conjugate heat transfer analysis, followed by thermal-deformation and frequency-shift evaluation. Key cooling parameters—heat flux distribution, flow path, and flow velocity—are analyzed. Based on these, the water circuit is optimized. The optimized design significantly reduces maximum DT temperature and the resulting steady-state frequency shift, while pressure drop and manufacturing complexity remain within acceptable limits. This method provides a practical cooling solution for high-duty-factor DTL drift tubes and offers a reference for other high-intensity linac projects.
Funding Agency
The work is supported by the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (Grant No. 2020A1515110579)
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