Speaker
Elena Shaposhnikova
(European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Description
The Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) at CERN was designed in 1971 and has been accelerating protons, antiprotons, electrons, positrons, and various types of ions since 1976. Since 2010, the SPS has also served as an injector for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). In this talk, I will describe how, over the past 30 years, numerous proton beam intensity limitations were identified and subsequently overcome. These developments made it possible to achieve the beam parameters required initially for the LHC and, more recently, for the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC).
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Author
Elena Shaposhnikova
(European Organization for Nuclear Research)