Description
Proton therapy is a powerful tool in the fight against cancer. The number of accelerators has increased tremendously over the last years. Patients are treated now at over 125 facilities world-wide, which is an excellent example of an extremely successful technology transfer from fundamental research to healthcare.
Depending on the tumour species, local tumour control can reach very high levels, e.g. more than 96% for uveal melanoma. To minimize side effects and maintain tumour control, new treatment modalities like FLASH or Minibeams are investigated. For FLASH, dose rates should be higher than 40 Gy/s with treatment times below 0.5 s. Minibeams aim for spatial fractionation of the beam. Experiments on cells, organoids and animals have been promising.
These new irradiation forms create challenges for the existing and future accelerators: Developments in beam delivery, beam adaptation, and dosimetry are necessary. This paper describes changes on control system, beam shutters, and beam scattering systems which allow now irradiation times of 10 ms with a precision in dosimetry of better than 3% for a Spread-Out Bragg Peak at HZB. The set-up of a target station for minibeams will be presented.
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