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Description
The CSNS ion source has been in operation over 10 years since 2015. It has provided a stable beam current, progressing from an initial beam commissioning power of 10 kW to the current 170kW. The CSNS ion source is responsible for delivering 30-40 mA H- at 50kV. During CSNS phase I, a Penning surface negative ion source was used, based on the ISIS ion source prototype. It met the operational requirement of 100 kW beam power of CSNS phase I. However, due to its short lifetime, typically requiring replacement every month, and its relatively large emittance, it faced significant challenges as the beam power target for CSNS phase II is raised to 500 kW. To address this, an RF ion source was proposed and its development began in 2016. This volume ion source has been successful used in SNS and JPAC and offer some advantages such as a longer lifetime, lower emittance, lower cesium consumption. Unlike the internal antenna design used by SNS and JPAC, an external antenna RF ion source was successful developed and put into operation in September 2021. This paper will discuss the extensive operational experience with the ion source and the development process of the RF ion source.
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