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In high-intensity accelerators, the space charge effect is typically a primary factor limiting the achievable beam intensity. For the High Intensity Heavy Ion Accelerator Facility (HIAF), the incorporation of a higher harmonic cavity effectively lengthens the bunch, reduces the peak current, thereby mitigating the space charge effect and increasing the beam intensity. Considering the synchronous phase shift during acceleration, amplitude and phase modulation are applied to the higher harmonic cavity in HIAF-BRing to achieve a uniform bunch distribution and improve the bunch factor. To investigate the influence of the accelerating voltage on the bunch distribution and bunch factor during the acceleration process in HIAF-BRing, particle tracking simulations were performed for a 209Bi31+ beam. Additionally, longitudinal phase space reconstruction was conducted based on wall current monitor signals, and the results were compared with the simulations. The simulation results indicate that with the introduction of a second-harmonic accelerating voltage, the bunch length is significantly elongated, the peak current is reduced, and the intensity of the 209Bi31+ beam reaches 3×1010 particles per pulse (ppp).
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