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Description
The beam dynamics design of a Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) is usually optimized to match the beam parameters at the entrance and exit of the cavity. This design step defines the vane geometry—such as the distance from the vane tips to the beam axis, the vane-tip radius, the type and amplitude of the modulation, and the modulation length—and also provides the inter-vane voltage for the next stage: the RF design.
Based on the inter-vane voltage profile along the cavity, the 2D cross-section is then adjusted to match the local cutoff frequency of the quadrupole mode, typically by modifying the quadrant volume where the magnetic field is dominant.
In this paper, we propose a new approach to RFQ beam dynamics design. Instead of considering only the geometry near the beam axis, the full 2D cross-section—including the quadrant region—is integrated directly into the beam dynamics optimization. The resulting inter-vane voltage can then be obtained by preserving the magnetic-field region’s area along the cavity, which may simplify the manufacturing process.
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