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This paper presents the design of a high-precision three-axis Teslameter and its application for magnetic field alignment of a superconducting magnet prior to gyrotron installation, at the Swiss Plasma Center. The instrument integrates an advanced 3-axis Hall sensor with an ultra-compact sensitive volume of 0.10×0.01×0.10 mm³, enabling true point-like vector field measurements. We describe the sensor architecture, Teslameter performance, and calibration procedures, including precise orthogonality characterization. The Teslameter achieves DC accuracy better than 100 ppm and 1 µT resolution.
The system was employed to verify and optimize magnetic field alignment for high-power gyrotrons, vacuum electronic devices generating sub-terahertz radiation via the cyclotron maser instability. Efficient operation of these devices requires that the magnetic field axis remain confined within a cylinder of 0.15 mm diameter over a 700 mm length to maintain correct electron–field interaction. Using the Teslameter, the magnetic field was mapped with high accuracy, enabling fine realignment of the superconducting magnet and ensuring the electron beam coincides with the electric field maximum of the transverse electric (TE) mode. This methodology guarantees optimal gyrotron performance, contributing to reliable and efficient operation of Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating and Current Drive systems in magnetic confinement fusion research.
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