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Nb-coated Cu Superconducting Radio Frequency (SRF) cavities are a key technology for the Future Circular Collider (FCC), requiring performance beyond the current state of the art. Recent Nb/Cu coatings deposited by High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering (HiPIMS), together with advances in Cu cavity manufacturing and surface preparation, have already shown promising results*.
To further optimize film quality, we investigated the influence of ion-bombardment energy during HiPIMS on the superconducting and microstructural properties of Nb. Particular focus was placed on the critical current density, Jc, as an indicator of vortex pinning and flux trapping, which constitute key RF-limiting factors.
By tuning ion-energy distribution, Jc was reduced by up to an order of magnitude, with an optimal value around ~75 eV. A clear correlation between Jc and cavity performance demonstrates ion-energy control as an effective lever to improve Nb/Cu SRF technology for FCC-ee, and establishes Jc as a reliable predictor of RF behavior.
Footnotes
*Venturini Delsolaro, W., Garlasche, M., Peauger, F. et al. Progress and R/D challenges for FCC-ee SRF. EPJ Techn Instrum 10, 6 (2023). DOI : 10.1140/epjti/s40485-023-00094-5
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