Speaker
Description
The High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) will increase the LHC integrated luminosity by a factor of 10 and operate with proton beams storing up to 700 MJ of energy per beam. In this upgraded machine, a new quench protection system, the Coupling-Loss Induced Quench (CLIQ) system, will be installed in combination with classical quench heaters to protect the Nb3SN inner triplet superconducting magnets. A spurious CLIQ discharge with circulating beams represents the most critical beam-induced failure scenario in the HL-LHC era due to rapid electromagnetic field perturbations.
Simulations combining dynamic electromagnetic field maps from a spurious CLIQ discharge with Xsuite beam tracking show that the entire beam can be lost within 5 ms, with critical loss levels, defined as losses sufficient to pose a risk of damage to accelerator components, reached within only a few turns. Both double-Gaussian and q-Gaussian halo profiles are studied, revealing significant sensitivity of beam losses to the tail population distribution. The influence of machine optics is also examined, showing that the baseline round optics provide sufficient safety margin, whereas the flat optics option leads to significantly more critical conditions.
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