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Description
We formulate the design of a UED-oriented RF gun as a constrained longitudinal-dynamics problem and obtain a nonuniform 2.33-cell S-band solution with controlled longitudinal dispersion. The representative solution, (0.4, 0.93, 1), operated near 45 MV/m, brings the phases of maximum energy gain and minimum time of flight (TOF) into near coincidence and thereby yields a well-defined gun dispersion. For the GPT tracking reported here, the beam at the gun exit has a kinetic energy of 3 MeV, an rms bunch length of 100 fs, a charge of 0.1 pC, and a normalized emittance of about 10 nm·rad. With a matched Double Bend Achromat (DBA) beamline, the bunch is compressed to 940 as rms with 10 fC charge at the sample. For RF-amplitude, RF-phase, charge, and magnet-field jitters of 0.05%, 0.2 ps, 3%, and 0.01% rms, respectively, the sample-plane arrival-time jitter is 600 as rms; source-only scans give 518 as rms from amplitude jitter and 167 as rms from phase jitter. These results show that the proposed model provides a direct route to RF guns specifically suited for attosecond UED.
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