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Description
A visible-light 2D imaging monitor was developed and commissioned in the Swiss Light Source 2.0 booster ring to characterize transverse beam behavior during the energy ramp. Installed dwnstream of a bending magnet, it extracts visible synchrotron radiation via an in-vacuum copper mirror and uses a CMOS camera with motorized optics and filters. The setup accommodates the evolving synchrotron spectrum, with the critical photon energy increasing from 0.2 eV (at 100 MeV electron beam energy) to ~3.9 keV (at 2.7 GeV). Long exposures, integrating over hundreds of turns matched to the 1 µs revolution time, enabled measurements of adiabatic damping due to synchrotron radiation emission. Notably, the system enables imaging at bunch charges as low as ~20–100 pC using short exposures over just a few tens of turns, which allowed to capture the fast dynamics of emittance exchange during coupling resonance crossing, a technique first implemented in an electron ring at the SLS*. This high-speed acquisition confirmed optimal extraction timing, corresponding to the minimum horizontal beam size. The monitor provides non-invasive diagnostics for tracking beam stability and optimizing injection into the storage ring.
Footnotes
*Kallestrup, J., and M. Aiba “Emittance Exchange in Electron Booster Synchrotron by
Coupling Resonance Crossing | Phys. Rev. Accel. Beams.” Physical Review Accelerators and Beams 23, no. 2 (2020) : 020701. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevAccelBeams.23.020701.
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