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Achieving both high efficiency and robust frequency stability under steady-state operation is challenging in electron linear accelerators. The parallel-coupled accelerating structure, in which RF power is periodically fed into accelerating cells via a distributed network, offers the potential to increase the frequency stability of the accelerating voltage while maintaining high efficiency. This study investigates the three-port network (T-junction) in the distributed system and proposes a microwave network model for quasi-traveling wave parallel-coupled structures. Under identical built-up power conditions, a wider frequency range can be observed for a specific accelerating voltage threshold compared to conventional traveling-wave structures without being restricted to a specific operating mode, which distinguishes it from standing-wave parallel-coupled structures. We designed a steady-state high-efficiency, 8-cell, quasi-traveling wave parallel-coupled accelerating structure operating in the 2pi/3 mode.
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