Speaker
Description
The High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) is entering its final development phase, requiring the optimisation of its vacuum layout to ensure reliable operation. The main upgrades with respect to the current LHC involve the Long Straight Sections, including new final focusing magnets and full crab crossing implementation. Since residual gas critically affects collider performance, extensive vacuum simulations are conducted to evaluate and minimise pressure levels. These include steady-state and time-dependent studies accounting for phenomena like photon, electron and ion-induced desorption, to determine pressure profiles and pump-down behavior. The simulations employ several complementary tools: Molflow+ for Monte Carlo particle tracking in ultra-high vacuum conditions, Synrad+ for synchrotron radiation effects, the MATLAB-based VASCO code for pressure stability analysis, and LTSpice for analogue modelling of vacuum networks.
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