Conveners
Thursday Poster Session
- Anders Bjermo (MAX IV Laboratory)
The beam orbit or effective emittance is correlated with the mechanical vibrations of quadrupole magnets. To mitigate the impact of vibrations on beam orbit stability, active vibration isolation platforms can be employed to enhance the stability of magnets and other components. This paper presents an active vibration isolation system based on the inverse piezoelectric effect, combined with a...
Recently we found that the surface partially nitrided high-purity Ti deposited film can be activated as a nonevaporable getter (NEG) by heating at 185 °C. In this study, we investigated the activation mechanism of surface partially nitrided high-purity Ti by using soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and angle resolved Hard X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (HAXPES). Both XPS and HAXPES...
Mirrors in beamlines exhibit various imperfections such as polishing defects, gravity-induced sag, clamping strain, misalignment, vacuum force distortions and heat-load-induced thermal deformations. These imperfections introduce aberrations including beam broadening, diffraction, defocusing and wavefront distortions, thus challenging the beamline’s performance. To address these issues,...
Efficient motorization of beamline components plays a key role in making optimal use of beamtime. Since the performance of motion systems strongly depends on the interaction between motor and controller, testing outside the beamline remains an essential step. Building on an established modular motor test bench$*$, several new developments have been introduced to better replicate typical...
Deterministic polishing requires optical metrology instruments capable of accurately measuring X-ray mirrors with slope errors < 50 nrad rms. To improve the performance of the Diamond-NOM slope profiler$*$ , we have developed an ultra-stable, 3-axis rotation stage to orient the mirror under test$**$ . The goniometer employs a spherical air-bearing, actuated by three piezo-walkers via flexure...
At the Taiwan Photon Source (TPS), several studies on energy savings and utility system optimization are currently underway, with AI solutions being actively explored for laboratory applications. The proper operation of the cooling tower and chilled water system plays a crucial role in energy conservation. Through AI-based analysis, we can clearly observe the impact of ambient wet-bulb...
As the European Spallation Source (ESS) advances through construction and commissioning in Lund, Sweden, it is crucial to evaluate the status of each system and ensure that 3D models and 2D drawings accurately represent on-site conditions. The as-built process for mechanical systems is fundamental in maintaining accuracy, ensuring compliance, and reducing risks while easing future maintenance....
SPring-8-II is an upgrade project toward the 4th generation synchrotron light source to provide hard X-ray with nearly two-orders of magnitude higher brilliance than the current SPring-8. Low electron beam emittance less than 100 pm･rad for the high brilliance requires high gradient multi-pole magnets with a small bore radius and vacuum chambers with a narrow aperture. The SPring-8-II vacuum...
I am early in my career designing synchrotron systems within high vacuum (HV) and ultra-high vacuum (UHV) conditions, joining the Diamond Light Source around a year ago. Since starting I’ve been working on SWIFT (Spectroscopy WithIn Fast Timescales), one of the Diamond-II flagship beamlines. To get up to speed I needed to rapidly become accustomed to the unique features and challenges...
The IXS High Resolution Monochromator (HRM) on the Petra III Beamline P01 is used for the medium X-ray range from 2.5keV to 3.5keV. The core piece is a disk that carries the crystals. An encoder ring is attached to the circumference. A radial and axial runout of less than 1µm during rotation of maximum +-20° is ensured by a high-precision spindle bearing. Rotation is performed by a PiezoLEG...
Magnetic focusing horns are critical components for creating a stable beam of neutrinos for neutrino facilities, such as the Long Baseline Neutrino Facility (LBNF) at Fermilab. The pulsed magnetic horns are powered by high current electricity through long striplines, which must survive in a harsh radiation environment for the operational life of the component. Each stripline assembly consists...
The APS-Upgrade Project (APS-U) built a new electron 1100 meter circumference storage ring within the original APS tunnel. APS-U’s new storage ring vacuum system is a complex assembly of over 2500 custom vacuum chambers. The vacuum pumping system is a hybrid combination of NEG-coated vacuum chambers, ion pumps, and uncoated chambers with NEG strip pumping. APS-U began operations in April 2024...
As part of the European LEAPS-INNOV project, a new generation of high-purity germanium detectors has been developed for synchrotron applications requiring spectroscopic capabilities. This novel design focuses on the development of monolithic multi-element Germanium detectors for X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (XAFS) and X-ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (XRF) applications. This article presents...
The National Synchrotron Light Source II (NSLS-II) facility at Brookhaven National Laboratory uses an ultra-high vacuum (UHV) system to operate, which typically uses circular ConFlat (CF) flanges to connect vacuum components together. With varying equipment design restrictions, the implementation of non-circular CF flanges is being studied as a possible alternative, as it has been used in...
TIM (Thermal interface materials) is critical component for mitigating the thermal load from high-energy X-rays in beamline systems. This paper presents the effectiveness of anti-corrosion coatings in liquid metal gap cooling systems and their painting processes, demonstrating significant reductions in interface corrosion and gas entrapment at contact surfaces We developed an in-situ thermal...
Understanding the structure of quantum materials is essential for unlocking the next generation of low-cost, energy-efficient devices. To achieve this, a state-of-the-art Coherent Soft X-ray Imaging and Diffraction (CSXID) beamline is currently under development at Diamond Light Source. At the heart of the end station will be a three-axis delta robot capable of manipulating samples with...
We designed a new diffractometer with the willing to establish new standards for the exactitude and speed. This goal drove us to implement, as main rotation stage, an air bearing rotating up to 1000°/s with a sphere of confusion of the hundred of nanometer range. Achieving such performance requires not only cutting-edge technical development and manufacturing of the device itself, but also the...
The Shanghai High Repetition Rate XFEL and Extreme Light Facility (SHINE), spanning 3.1 kilometers in length, faces unique environmental vibration challenges due to its proximity to multiple urban vibration sources. SHINE's operational environment is characterized by adjacent rivers, metro lines, and elevated roadways that collectively generate elevated ground vibration levels. This study...
The demand for cost- and time-effective and customizable components for High Vaccum (HV) and Ultra-High Vacuum (UHV) has prompted exploration into the application of 3D-printing technology. This study investigates the viability of utilizing 3D-printed plastics in UHV by evaluating their outgassing properties. An extensive evaluation of 3D-printing materials was carried out, highlighting the...
Linear guides are common components in precision motion systems, and their stiffness significantly influences the eigenfrequencies of structures used in synchrotron research. However, no generally accepted or validated guideline exists for including them in finite element models. This study employs an indirect method to experimentally determine their dynamic stiffness, avoiding the...
We present a vibration study of the ten-meter-long Rowland spectrometer arm at the VERITAS beamline at MAX IV, aiming to assess how mechanical vibrations influence experimental quality. Using the width of the spectral peak recorded by the DLD8080 detector from Surface Concept as a quality metric, we introduced vibrations to the spectrometer structure and correlated the resulting rotational...
The ALS-U project will deliver a beam 100x brighter than the existing ALS beam. In order to achieve this, the RMS displacement levels above 10 Hz for all magnets in a sector of the storage ring, shall be < 200 nm along the electron beam direction and < 35 nm in both transverse directions. A prototype storage ring raft was built to undergo vibration measurements and inform on the expected...
We developed a novel medium energy resolution monochromator(MRM) for Resonant Inelastic X-ray Scattering (RIXS) experiments at the High Energy Photon Source (HEPS) featuring an integrated flexible high-precision positioning system that surpasses conventional designs. Our rotation platform delivers unprecedented performance with a travel range of hundreds of milliradians—three times greater...
Alongside welding, high-temperature vacuum brazing is one of the most frequently used joining processes. At the Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY) we have a well-equipped workshop area with vacuum brazing furnaces. Several components for beampipe parts, high-frequency components or diagnostic components made from a wide range of materials have been brazed there, sometimes for an...
The DESY upgrade project PETRA IV includes a major change of design parameters for all components in the ring as well as in the beamlines. Especially the white beam high heat load components currently in use in PETRA III have to be evaluated for their reusability. A case study of a front-end power slit is presented in this paper to show the necessary steps. From given ring and undulator...
The 40-year-old SX700 monochromators are being replaced due to missing spare parts. The new monochromator reuses the existing synchrotron optics, reducing both integration effort and system costs. A key challenge was the eccentric motion of the 650 mm, 7 kg pre-mirror. A novel UHV-precision drive combining a planetary roller screw and torque motor was developed to provide high thrust and...
The Shanghai High Repetition Rate XFEL and Extreme Light Facility (SHINE) extends over 3.1 kilometers in length. Its surrounding environment – including rivers, metro lines, and elevated roadways – results in significantly stronger ground vibrations compared to similar facilities worldwide. To investigate the correlation between ground vibrations and angular vibrations induced on optical...
The Iranian Light Source Facility (ILSF) is a 4th-generation synchrotron radiation facility currently in the design phase, featuring a storage ring with a circumference of 528 meters. The lattice of the 3GeV storage ring is based on a compact multi-bend achromat (MBA) lattice and has a nominal horizontal emittance equal to 270 pm.rad. The vacuum system for the ILSF storage ring is designed...
The parameters for seven insertion devices (IDs) have been determined for the Iranian Light Source Facility (ILSF). To calculate the heat load on the vacuum chambers, the power irradiated from the IDs is simulated using Synrad. Analytical formulas are also employed to verify the Synrad results and optimize the mesh size. Simulations reveal that the most severe case occurs when the Solid-State...
The Materials Science Beamline has historically relied on a rotating filter system for beam attenuation, which introduced mechanical complexity, risk of failure, thermal instabilities, and high outgassing during conditioning. To address these limitations, we have developed a new fixed filter assembly using annealed pyrolytic graphite, chosen for its excellent thermal conductivity and low...
Multilayer monochromators are commonly employed in photon hungry synchrotron beamlines to deliver intense, monochromatic X-ray beams. We present the design, validation, and beamline integration of a high-stability, high energy (20-70keV) double multilayer monochromator developed for the Structural Dynamics Beamline (SDB) at HEPS. The system features a novel flexure-based architecture,...
When assessing the stability performance of structures, two figures of merits are required: ground motion transmissibility and mechanical compliance. The former quantifies amplification ofground transmitted vibrations, and the second the displacement induced by on-board disturbance sources. Both must remain sufficiently low to keep structural response within stability requirements. In...
Liquid metals as thermal interface materials (TIMs) offer ultrahigh contact thermal conductance while their inherent compliance eliminates clamping stress-induced deformation in optical components, such as InGa bath or InGa gap cooling. However, their corrosivity toward metals (e.g., Cu, Al) necessitates protective coatings such as high-phosphorus electroless nickel (Ni-P), though minor...
Maximum vibration limit for the magnets of the accumulator ring (AR) for the Advanced Light Source upgrade (ALS-U) project is <1 um in the transverse direction (X), <0.2 um in vertical (Y), and < 1 um in beamline (Z). For the beam position monitors (BPM), it is <140 nm in X, Y and Z. Since the ALS-U project is reusing the existing tunnel for the new AR and storage ring, a combination of floor...
Development is underway for a Double Multilayer Monochromator (DMM) at the EMBL beamline P14 at PETRA III (DESY). This beamline focuses on macromolecular crystallography (MX) and biological imaging. It is planned to operate this DMM alternately with the existing Double Crystal Monochromator (DCM). Due to its larger bandwidth, the DMM is expected to increase flux by nearly two orders of...
The SHINE linear accelerator is designed to enhance the electron beam peak current to 1.5 kA at 100 pC through a two-stage bunch length compression process. The magnetic compression support platform (movable chicane) functions as a specialized electromechanically-controlled structure in the linear accelerator tunnel, serving to house critical components including fixed magnetic compression...
As part of the Elettra storage ring upgrade to 4th generation standards, the Nanospectroscopy/nanoESCA beamline is replacing its switching mirror. The new mirror is based on a 100 mm x 40 mm x 40 mm monocristalline silicon piece, optimized for the maximum heatload produced by the 25 eV horizontal polarity of the elliptical undulator serving the beamline (100.4 mm period, kx = 7.3). To minimize...
The latest, 4th generation synchrotrons, offer nanometer-scale imaging resolution and fast data acquisition. However, corresponding existing sample manipulators mostly rely on quasistatic actuation principles and are built by stacking straightforward 1 DoF stages. This approach limits dynamics performance and precision. To address this challenge, MI-Partners developed on behalf of and in close...
Subsequent to the commissioning of NSLSII, the Vacuum Group established a vertical magnetron coating facility to support continued NSLSII operations and research activities. Some of the early projects included titanium coating injection kicker ceramic chambers as well as NEG coating standard vacuum chambers. This coating facility was also used to apply copper-oxide coating to the APS-U...
In the context of the development plan for the MIRAS beamline at the ALBA Synchrotron (Infrared Microspectroscopy Beamline), a dedicated experimental chamber has been designed for the study of catalytic reactions using synchrotron-based infrared spectroscopy. This chamber is designed to operate with a reactive gas mixture composed of O₂, H₂, CO, and an inert gas such as Ar, at pressures up to...
New high-resolution X-ray beamlines demand reflective optics with higher surface profile accuracy to achieve diffraction-limited focusing. This necessitates advanced metrology instruments capable of delivering repeatable measurements in the nanometer to sub-nanometer range. Slope ranges exceeding 15 mrad (0.86°) and greater pose significant challenges for mirror metrology using conventional...
The Shanghai HIgh repetitioN rate XFEL and Extreme light facility (SHINE) is currently under construction. For the FEL-II beamline, a series of offset mirror systems—M1, M2a/b, and M3 are developed to shift and distribute the beam for different experimental end stations. A primary technical challenge is ensuring exceptional vibrational stability in the pitch direction, with a target better...
The European XFEL (X-ray Free-Electron Laser) is a research facility that generates ultra-short X-ray flashes for scientific experiments across various fields. Operating at MHz repetition rates, it produces coherent femtosecond X-ray pulses with unprecedented brilliance in the energy range of 250 eV to 25 keV. The facility consists of a linear accelerator and three photon beamlines in...
Beam orbit stability is the key indicators for current synchrotron light sources, which has a direct effect upon accelerator performance as well as quality and stability of synchrotron light in experimental stations. This project aims to realize the stability requirements of independent support system in limited narrow space for fourth-generation light source. The objective is to develop a...
Recently we have developed a new NEG, oxygen-free Pd/Ti. The initial pumping speeds of the oxygen-free Pd/Ti thin film after baking at 150 °C were estimated to be 3.2 L s–1 cm–2 for H2 and 7.6 L s–1 cm–2 for CO at room temperature. The oxygen-free Pd/Ti deposition for vacuum chambers and components in soft X-ray beamlines of synchrotron radiation (SR) facility seems to be ideal because it can...
In the context of the ROCK-IT project$*$, an automated sample handling system was developed at beamline P65 (DESY) to streamline in-situ and operando catalysis experiments. It uses a UR10e robotic arm with a RobotIQ 2F-85 gripper to handle catalyst samples in standardized holders, each identified via QR codes. Upon Tango control system initiation, the robot scans a 6-sample magazine, locates...
ALBA II, developed by ALBA CELLS (Barcelona, Spain), is a fourth-generation upgrade of the ALBA synchrotron. To achieve its targeted increase in photon beam brilliance and coherence, the new storage ring requires precise validation and optimization of its magnetic structures. The design includes six magnet families—bending, antibending, quadrupoles, sextupoles, octupoles, and...
The copper foil tensioning device is installed at both ends of the magnetic array of the vacuum undulator. One end of the copper foil is connected with the vacuum cavity flange, and the other end is connected with the end face of the magnetic array, which can move three-dimensional with the magnetic array of the undulator. Among them, compression spring, volute spring and torsion spring are...
A dedicated jig with an optical linear encoder was developed to evaluate the pitching stability between the first and second crystals of a double crystal monochromator in a standalone configuration. This method does not require synchrotron radiation, enabling direct assessment of the monochromator's intrinsic stability. Unlike beamline-based measurements influenced by upstream optics, this...
We're currently leading a maintenance project aimed at standardizing workflows and enhancing asset management practices across the MAX IV. At the core of the initiative is the implementation of the J5 platform to support structured, approval-based work request and order processes that ensure clear communication and accountability among teams. Building on an existing naming convention, we have...
For the ESS superconducting linac, a compact beam stop for [21, 100] MeV protons was designed instead of a bulky beam dump. Its mass is 60 kg, its length 1200 mm (perpendicular to the beamline), and the cylindrical beam-intercepting part fits into a CF160 flange. In the most demanding beam mode (40 MeV, 50 µs, 1 Hz, 62.5 mA), thermomechanical calculations predict a peak temperature of 685˚C in...
The ALBA Synchrotron has recently opened a Nanomotion Laboratory to support the upcoming ALBA II upgrade to a 4th-generation light source. The laboratory is dedicated to research, development, and commissioning of high-performance motion-and-positioning instrumentation, control systems, and synchronisation between components. It is operated as a clean room with particles, humidity, pressure...
The Korea fourth-generation storage ring (Korea-4GSR) is scheduled for construction in Ochang, Cheongju, Chungbuk by 2029. Designed with a significantly lower emittance of 60 pm·rad and higher storage ring energy of 4 GeV compared to PLS-II, Korea-4GSR is expected to extend the capabilities of beamline experiments by providing photon beams with enhanced brightness and coherence. However, the...
For more than twenty-five years, our team has actively collaborated with leading research institutions and synchrotron facilities across the globe to design, engineer, and fabricate a wide range of advanced vacuum chambers. These efforts have supported the development and upgrade of synchrotron light sources in North America, Europe, Asia, and beyond, enabling cutting-edge research in...
ALBA is working on the ALBA II upgrade to transform the current storage ring, in operation since 2012, into a 4th-generation diffraction-limited synchrotron light source. The vacuum system is designed for a compact geometry with tight magnet apertures, where synchrotron power is distributed directly onto the chamber walls. Nevertheless, crotch absorbers will be used at key locations. Due to...
The Iranian Light Source Facility (ILSF) booster serves as a 3 GeV injector for the ILSF storage ring. The booster ring has a circumference of 504 meters, divided into five equal sections. Each section comprises ten dipole magnets, each 1300 mm in length, designed to deflect the electron beam by 7.2° per magnet. The distance between two successive bending magnets is 8780mm. The vacuum chambers...
The SPring-8-II project, upgrading SPring-8 to a 4th generation light source, started in FY2024. SPring-8 will shut down after summer 2027 for removal of existing equipment and installation of new accelerator components. User operation is scheduled to resume in spring 2029. The project requires a vacuum system compatible with compact, reduced-aperture magnets, ensuring sufficient beam lifetime...
The Future Circular Collider (FCC) study completed the FCC feasibility study on 31 March 2025 and published its report, which examined the technical and financial viability of the FCC at CERN. The first stage of the FCC will be the construction of an electron-positron collider for precision measurements, with a 15-year research programme from the late 2040s (FCC-ee). The beam sizes and...
The requirement for monochromators with high precision and vibrational stability is crucial for the beamlines of diffraction-limited storage-ring light sources. A high stability double-crystal monochromator (DCM) with a high-stiffness flexure hinge has been developed for the Hefei Advanced Light Facility (HALF) at the National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory. A comprehensive test was...
