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Description
Monitoring the electron pulse duration is crucial for setting up and stabilizing the lasing in a linac-driven Free-Electron-Laser (FEL). Bunch-Compressor-Monitors (BCMs) allow for a non-invasive - albeit uncalibrated – monitoring of the electron pulse duration at the exit of a magnetic chicane by detecting and fully integrating the radiation energy emitted by the electron beam around the spectral threshold of the temporal coherence. We will present results of the experimental characterization of low-charge and sub-femtosecond electron bunches generated in SwissFEL during a SASE-lasing with a single-spike mode prevalence in the frequency domain (*). The electron pulse duration measurements were performed by applying a formal processing method (**) of the signal readouts of a BCM which is equipped with two independent and simultaneously illuminated detectors covering two partially overlapping wavelength bands. In a CW superconducting linac-driven FEL, where the non-invasiveness is a mandatory feature for the beam diagnostics, the implementation of the “BCM two-detector method” discloses the path to the use of a BCM as an absolute monitor of the electron pulse duration.
Footnotes
(*) Prat, et al, S. Enhanced generation of single-spike hard x-ray free-electron laser pulses with lower charge and shorter electron beams in the injector. Phys. Rev. Res. 7, 4, L042060 (2025). https://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/t8qq-h31p
(**) Orlandi, G.L. Absolute and non-invasive determination of the electron bunch length in a free electron laser using a bunch compressor monitor. Sci Rep 14, 6319 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-5658
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