H- ions are routinely used for the recommissioning of the ELENA ring as well as for various machine studies. Because of the weak binding energy of the electron, these ions are stripped by the interaction with the residual gas molecules and the intense electron beam generated by the electron cooler after which they are lost on the vacuum chambers of the main machine dipoles.
A neutral hydrogen...
The Electron–Ion Collider (EIC) achieves its design luminosity by cooling the ion beam with a high-current electron beam generated in an energy-recovery linac (ERL). The baseline ERL lattice employs a BNL five-cell cavity that is frequency-scaled to 197 MHz, 591 MHz, and 1.773 GHz, raising concerns about multibunch beam-breakup (BBU) instabilities. Threshold currents for each frequency option...
Electron-Ion Collider will employ electron cooling of protons at the injection energy. To reduce the space charge effects, the RF system will be set to produce flat top proton bunches with reduced peak current. There will be three electron bunches per proton bunch separated by 5 nanoseconds. Electronics for the electron beam can be based on a conventional narrow-band processing at 394 or 591...