Cryogenics is a key enabling technology for present and future particle accelerators and detectors, providing the conditions required for the operation of superconducting magnets, superconducting RF cavities, vacuum systems, and particle detection devices. However, extracting heat at very low temperatures requires large amounts of energy, often representing a major share of the total energy...
ALBA is a 3rd generation synchrotron light source located in Barcelona, Spain. The circumference is 268.8 meters and electrons are stored at 3 GeV. In the framework of the upgrade towards the 4th generation light source ALBA II, an active 3rd harmonic RF system at 1.5 GHz is foreseen to increase the Touschek lifetime component. The system will be installed and available for operation in the...
In this study, we designed a hybrid dipole magnet that integrates both permanent magnet and electromagnet technologies. The primary magnetic field is generated by the permanent magnets, while the coils enable fine-tuning of the field. The design carefully considers the placement of the permanent magnets and coils to optimize performance. Additionally, an outer plate mechanism is incorporated...
